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7.1.6 BIO Authentication

NIST PIV and digital identity SP 800-116 Rev. 1 against SP 800-116
All changes in this version
removed 7 PIV Authentication Mechanisms part of 7.1

Title changed

Before · SP 800-116

BIO Authentication

After · SP 800-116 Rev. 1

BIO Authentication

Control changed

Before · SP 800-116

PACS may be designed to perform biometric authentication using the fingerprint information stored on the PIV Card. 8 The biometric on the PIV Card is signed by the issuer, so the authenticity of the biometric can be checked by the PACS. Verification of the signature on the biometric data object, and matching of the reference biometric template with the sample biometric template, is performed by the PACS application. The verification of signature and matching of biometric results in one-factor authentication. This authentication mechanism does not include authentication of the PIV Card. Potentially, a biometric template could be placed on a fake card, so neither the “something you have” nor “something you know” factors are validated. As a result, this document rates the BIO authentication mechanism as a one-factor (“something you are”) authentication mechanism. BIO combined with cryptographic challenge/response, PKI + BIO or CAK + BIO, authenticates the PIV Card and thus achieves three-factor authentication. Recommendation: A PACS should always verify the digital signature on the biometric template data object, and do path validation, before performing a match. Otherwise, the result of the match should not be trusted. Recommendation: Biometric readers, especially those used at access points to Limited and Exclusion areas, should have a proven capability to accept live fingers and reject artificial fingers. Biometric readers, especially unattended readers in an Unrestricted area, should be physically hardened to protect against direct electrical compromise.

After · SP 800-116 Rev. 1

PACS may be designed to perform biometric authentication using the fingerprint information stored on the PIV Card. 8 The biometric on the PIV Card is signed by the issuer, so the authenticity of the biometric can be checked by the PACS. Verification of the signature on the biometric data object, and matching of the reference biometric template with the sample biometric template, is performed by the PACS application. The verification of signature and matching of biometric results in one-factor authentication. This authentication mechanism does not include authentication of the PIV Card. Potentially, a biometric template could be placed on a fake card, so neither the “something you have” nor “something you know” factors are validated. As a result, this document rates the BIO authentication mechanism as a one-factor (“something you are”) authentication mechanism. BIO combined with cryptographic challenge/response, PKI + BIO or CAK + BIO, authenticates the PIV Card and thus achieves three-factor authentication. Recommendation: A PACS should always verify the digital signature on the biometric template data object, and do path validation, before performing a match. Otherwise, the result of the match should not be trusted. Recommendation: Biometric readers, especially those used at access points to Limited and Exclusion areas, should have a proven capability to accept live fingers and reject artificial fingers. Biometric readers, especially unattended readers in an Unrestricted area, should be physically hardened to protect against direct electrical compromise.