6.1 Threat Mitigation Strategies

Before · SP 800-63A

After · SP 800-63A-4

Threat Mitigation Strategies

Before · SP 800-63A

After · SP 800-63A-4

Threats to the enrollment and identity proofing process are summarized in Table 2. Related mechanisms that assist in mitigating these threats are summarized in Table 3. These mitigations should not be considered comprehensive but rather a summary of mitigations that are detailed more thoroughly at each IAL and applied based on the risk assessment processes detailed in Sec. 3 of [SP800-63]. Table 3. Identity Proofing and Enrollment Threat Mitigation Strategies

Threat/Attack Mitigation Strategies Normative References Automated Enrollment Attempts Web application firewall (WAF) controls and bot detection technology. Out-of-band engagement (e.g., confirmation codes). Biometric verification and liveness detection mechanisms. Traffic and network analysis capabilities to identify indications of malicious traffic. 3.5, 3.8, 3.11

Evidence Falsification Validation of core attributes with authoritative or credible sources. Validation of physical or digital security features of the presented evidence. 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.2.4, 4.2.5, 4.3.4, 4.3.5

Synthetic Identity Fraud Collection of identity evidence. Validation of core attributes with authoritative or credible sources. Biometric comparison of the applicant to validated identity evidence or biometric data. Checks against vital statistics repositories (e.g., Death Master File). 3.2.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.5, 4.1.6, 4.2.2, 4.2.5, 4.2.6, 4.3.2, 4.3.5, 4.3.6

Fraudulent Use of Identity (Identity Theft) Biometric comparison of the applicant to validated identity evidence or biometric data. Presentation attack detection measures to confirm the genuine presence of the applicant. Out-of-band engagement (e.g., confirmation codes) and notice of proofing. Checks against vital statistics repositories (e.g., Death Master File). Fraud, transaction, and behavioral analysis capabilities to identify indicators of potentially malicious account establishment. 3.2.1, 3.8, 3.10, 3.11, 4.1.6, 4.2.6, 4.3.6

Social Engineering Training trusted referees to identify indications of coercion or distress. Out-of-band engagement and notice of proofing to a validated address. Information for and communication with end users on common threats and schemes. On-site in-person attended identity proofing options. 2.1.3, 3.8, 3.11, 3.14, 8.1.4

False Claims Geographic restrictions on traffic. Validation of core attributes with authoritative or credible sources. 3.2.1, 4.1.5, 4.2.5, 4.3.5 Video or Image Injection Attack Use of a combination of active and passive PAD. Use of authenticated protected channels for communications between devices and servers. Authentication of biometric sensors. Monitoring and analysis of incoming video and image files to detect signs of forgery or modification. Use of active countermeasures. 3.8, 3.14