In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: hfsc: Address reentrant enqueue adding class to eltree twice Savino says: "We are writing to report that this recent patch (141d34391abbb315d68556b7c67ad97885407547) [1] can be bypassed, and a UAF can still occur when HFSC is utilized with NETEM. The patch only checks the cl->cl_nactive field to determine whether it is the first insertion or not [2], but this field is only incremented by init_vf [3]. By using HFSC_RSC (which uses init_ed) [4], it is possible to bypass the check and insert the class twice in the eltree. Under normal conditions, this would lead to an infinite loop in hfsc_dequeue for the reasons we already explained in this report [5]. However, if TBF is added as root qdisc and it is configured with a very low rate, it can be utilized to prevent packets from being dequeued. This behavior can be exploited to perform subsequent insertions in the HFSC eltree and cause a UAF." To fix both the UAF and the infinite loop, with netem as an hfsc child, check explicitly in hfsc_enqueue whether the class is already in the eltree whenever the HFSC_RSC flag is set. [1] https://web.git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=141d34391abbb315d68556b7c67ad97885407547 [2] https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v6.15-rc5/source/net/sched/sch_hfsc.c#L1572 [3] https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v6.15-rc5/source/net/sched/sch_hfsc.c#L677 [4] https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v6.15-rc5/source/net/sched/sch_hfsc.c#L1574 [5] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/8DuRWwfqjoRDLDmBMlIfbrsZg9Gx50DHJc1ilxsEBNe2D6NMoigR_eIRIG0LOjMc3r10nUUZtArXx4oZBIdUfZQrwjcQhdinnMis_0G7VEk=@willsroot.io/T/#u
Fix
Public exploits 4
- 0xdevil/CVE-2025-38001 PoC on GitHub
- Jevil36239/CVE-2025-38001 PoC on GitHub
- khoatran107/cve-2025-38001 PoC on GitHub
- ngobao2002/CVE-2025-38001-test PoC on GitHub
Each line links to the index that lists it, never to exploit code. Exploit-DB's "verified" and a Metasploit rank of good or better count as verified; a PoC-in-GitHub entry is a repository's claim.
Patch, vendor advisory and mitigation references on NVD 9
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/295f7c579b07b5b7cf2dffe485f71cc2f27647cb Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c928b3a0b04a431ffcd6c8b7d88a267124a3a28 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f2190ce4ca972051cac6a8d7937448f8cb9673c Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39ed887b1dd2d6b720f87e86692ac3006cc111c8 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4e38eaaabfb7fffbb371a51150203e19eee5d70e Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6672e6c00810056acaac019fe26cdc26fee8a66c Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0ec22fa20b252edbe070a9de8501eef63c17ef5 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac9fe7dd8e730a103ae4481147395cc73492d786 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e5bee633cc276410337d54b99f77fbc1ad8801e5 Patch
Every line above is quoted from NVD, CISA, Microsoft, the vendor's own advisory or DISA; nothing is generated.
Change history 1
- First seenCVSS 5.5 · linux, debianNVD modified 2026-10-15 22:18
Affected (CPE criteria) 10
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.0:rc8:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
References 13
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/295f7c579b07b5b7cf2dffe485f71cc2f27647cb Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c928b3a0b04a431ffcd6c8b7d88a267124a3a28 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f2190ce4ca972051cac6a8d7937448f8cb9673c Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39ed887b1dd2d6b720f87e86692ac3006cc111c8 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4e38eaaabfb7fffbb371a51150203e19eee5d70e Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6672e6c00810056acaac019fe26cdc26fee8a66c Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0ec22fa20b252edbe070a9de8501eef63c17ef5 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac9fe7dd8e730a103ae4481147395cc73492d786 Patch
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e5bee633cc276410337d54b99f77fbc1ad8801e5 Patch
- https://syst3mfailure.io/rbtree-family-drama/ Third Party Advisory
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html Third Party Advisory
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html Third Party Advisory
- https://syst3mfailure.io/rbtree-family-drama/ Third Party Advisory