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2.2 Role of System BIOS in the Boot Process

NIST platform security: roots of trust, firmware and secure enclaves SP 800-147
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Role of System BIOS in the Boot Process

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The primary function of the system BIOS is to initialize important hardware components and to load the operating system. This process is known as booting . The boot process of the system BIOS typically executes in the following stages: 1. Execute Core Root of Trust: The system BIOS may include a small core block of firmware that executes first and is capable of verifying the integrity of other firmware components. This has traditionally been called the BIOS Boot Block . For trusted computing applications, it may also contain the Core Root of Trust for Measurement (CRTM). 2. Initialize and Test Low-Level Hardware: Very early in the boot process the system BIOS initializes and tests key pieces of hardware on the computer system, including the motherboard, chipset, memory and CPU.